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How strong actually are Curvatures in Universe?
In my Arcusuniverse, two features of
curvature result: A) The Local Ones, and B) The General Ones.
A) During each opening of a Protocosm (def. PK from German) in the sphere of
universe, in the beginning, spacetime is extremely curved as
you may think about the theoretical Black Hole.
Thinking at my dark-gray state of the
opening PK, it means an extreme curvature, but not a
total. Every radiation then is maximally shifted to red.
Every object will be captivated, actually because of the
continuous opening, it will be more and more free.
Vice versa, if Protocosms form themselves
back by radiation support, curvature of surrounding
spacetime successively increases.
However, in both cases, the entire universe is not involved
but just local areas.
B) Unfortunately, my Arcusuniverse is an
oscillating system. It is absolutely closed, so to speak isolated to the outside.
Inside such a system, curvature determines the back-running
path of radiation within a circle. It runs on its maximum circumference way of about
17,600,000,000 light-years. Radiation completely was gone on a
circular arc. On this path, curvature is the same size
everywhere:
k = 1/17.6 billion ly = 1/17,600,000,000 ly. It is equally valid
for electromagnetic and gravitomagnetic exchange force.
Therefore, gravitational lens effects are impossible.
Nothing is there to show us that general curvature.
Related to one light-year, we find
k = 5.68e-11 per 1 ly. This is extremely less.
Inside of each object observed, those curved radiation come
together as they were going out from this object. Nobody is
able to find any origins and proofs.
Note that I sometimes wrote somewhat misleading, universe
would be denser than observed. Yes, but coupling of exchange
forces also run along these curved paths while they
lengthen.
Euclidean density does not exist in a completely curved system.
Shortest connection,
direct line, absolutely
straight, does not exist.
This consequently means: Because in my universe, gravitation
is an exchange force curved on its own ways, gravitational
density is not greater than the density observed. All these
facts would lead to an amount of misunderstanding and wrong
theories, e. g. to the assumption of a universe absolutely
flat. --- Nevertheless, it is really spherical and locked.
Graphics 1: Radiation of object O arrives
observer position P on curved lines
I know how to calculate a direct line from curvature. But we
don't need it here.
However, from which object such equal arcs as those in our
example graphic would reach our eyes, we cannot watch that
curvature. Bows come to us from all directions with their
constant curvature at a special time. The building of
forwarding of the e.m. & g.m. radiation resembles an
elongated soap bubble that is hollow inside. For every
observer, a constant curved structure of transmission
results to the view of the conscious object.
What you see is simply not what is real. Unfortunately! As
the believe the Earth would be flat, or it was the centre of
the world. All that thinking were wrong interpretation
following the simplified observati on.
So I just say: Go on! On those ways, you will never
find good solutions. And so, you will be remain locked up in
your universe, may be lifelong. Contrarily, I myself will be
free in the meantime. Who follows me will be free, too.
Ideally, mentally, if my Arcusuniverse you will
like more than Big-Bang universe.
On very small distances between object and observer,
curvature is not total anymore. Complete curvature is
realized over one circular arc of 360° or 100%. Now I will
calculate with parts of it.
Mathematically it is valid:
one complete arc with 360° is one curvature of K = 360°/17.6e9 ly =
2e-8 grd/ly
one complete arc of 1 is one curvature of
K = 1/17.6e9 ly =
5.68e-11/ly.
At the position of e. g. one billion ly, we are at P of 20°
of the arc from
360°:
P = 1e9 ly x 5.68e-11/ly = 5.68e-2
5.68% von 360° are 20°
P =1e9 ly x 2e-8 grd/ly = 20°.
However you may measure, we always come to the expected
position P of the observer hitting by the constant curvature
noticing nothing of those curving.
Now, I think it is enough for you.
Please, think now how it is possible, an observer in
space is able to watch such objects, which existed in the
last universe-pulse during it oscillated from next to the
center to the point of turnaround and back to the start?
Very much success!
Heinz-Joachim Ackermann
May 20, 2026
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